What Is the Diff Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell: A cell is a structural and functional unit of life. These cells perform essential functions in living organisms. According to the cell theory, all living things are composed of cells. We all have seen cells in onion peels which has a cell wall as its boundary and within it is the cell membrane. Each cell has a membrane-bound structure known as the nucleus which has chromosomes consisting of genetic material. There are two types of cells i.e., eukaryotic cell (have nuclei) and prokaryotic cells (lack nuclei).
Plants and animals cells are eukaryotes. These have organized nucleus with nuclear envelope along with locomotory and cytoskeletal structure. But, there are differences between plant and animal cell. The plant cell has plastids, cell wall, vacuole and on the other hand animal cells possess centrioles. Students learn about plant and animal cell from an early age. You can check NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5 on the fundamental unit of life for better understanding. We have provided detailed information on difference between plant cell and animal cell in this article. Read on to find out.
Difference Between Plant Cell And Animal Cell: Definition of Plant and Animal Cell
We all know that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. Organisms are classified based on the number of cells present in them. For example, organisms having a single cell are called unicellular organisms and the ones having a large number of cells are called multicellular organisms. The plant cell and animal cell varies in their functions and structural organization.
Plant Cell
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells which consist of rigid cell wall. It protects the cell and provides shape to the plant. It has different types of cell organelles such as Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Chloroplast, Cytoplasm, Peroxisome, Microtubule, Plasmodesmata, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosome, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Golgi Apparatus, Nuclear Envelope, Plasma Membrane, Vacuole, Middle Lamella and Cell Wall.
Function of Plant Cell
- It undergoes photosynthesis to produce food by using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.
- The cell wall not only gives shape but also protects the cell from damage.
- Vacuole occupies around 90 percent of the plant cell. It consists of a single membrane called tonoplast which facilitates the transport of ions and other materials into the vacuole.
- Collenchyma cells are elongated which grows as the plants grow.
- Sclerenchyma cells are the supporting cells.
- Parenchyma cells play important role in photosynthesis, cellular respiration and plant repair.
Animal Cell
Animal cells are eukaryotic cell without a cell wall. The animal cell has a membrane-bound nucleus consisting of chromosomes as genetic material. There are different cell organelles found in the animal cell which performs different functions. It includes Golgi Apparatus, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nuclear Envelope, Nucleolus, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Peroxisome, Centriole, Plasma Membrane and Microvilli.
Functions of Animal Cell
- The animal cell does not make its own food.
- The nucleus provides direction to the cells and has genetic material.
- The cell membrane protects the animal cells.
- The cytoplasm is found in the cell giving shape and keeping the organelles in place.
- Group of cells combine together to form tissues and eventually organs and organ system.
Difference Between Plant Cell And Animal Cell
Some of the important difference between plant cell and animal cell are mentioned below:
| Plant Cell | Animal Cell |
| Cell wall is present | Cell wall is absent |
| Square or rectangular in shape | Irregular shape |
| Cell membrane is present | Plasma membrane is present |
| Nucleus is present in side of the wall | Nucleus is present in center of the cell |
| Centriole is absent | Centriole is present |
| Plastid is present | Plastid is absent |
| Chlorophyll is present | Chlorophyll is absent |
| Microvilli is absent | Microvilli is present |
| Mode of nutrition is autotrophic | Mode of nutrition is heterotrophic |
| Mitochondria few in number | Mitochondria more in number |
FAQs Regarding Difference Between Plant Cell And Animal Cell
The frequently asked questions on plant cell and animal cell are given below:
Q. What are the types of cells?
A. There are two types of cells – Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Q. What is cell?
A. Cell is the fundamental unit of life
Q. What are the cell organelles found in animal cell?
A. Golgi Apparatus, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nuclear Envelope, Nucleolus, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Peroxisome, Centriole, Plasma Membrane and Microvilli.
Q. What is the difference between plant cell and animal cell?
A. Plant cell has a cell wall and the animal cell do not. Find other difference between plant cell and animal cell in this article.
Q. What are the cell organelles found in plant cell?
A. Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Chloroplast, Cytoplasm, Peroxisome, Microtubule, Plasmodesmata, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosome, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Golgi Apparatus, Nuclear Envelope, Plasma Membrane, Vacuole, Middle Lamella and Cell Wall.
We have provided detailed information on the difference between plant cell and animal cell in this article. Read and try to solve the exercise questions on your own. If you face any difficulty, refer to the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5 provided here.
We hope this article on the difference between plant cell and animal cell helps you. If you have any questions, feel free to post them in the comments section below. We will get back to you at the earliest.
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What Is the Diff Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
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